Pronostic significance of angiogenic/lymphangiogenic, anti-apoptotic, inflammatory and viral factors in 88 cases with diffuse large B cell lymphoma and review of the literature☆

Abstract 

Background

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of Non-Hodgkins lymphomas (NHL). The outcome of these patients shows a wide variation. We evaluated the effect of six biologic parameters including Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), Survivin, Epstein Barr Virus (EBV), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C (VEGF-C), Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and clinical parameters.

Patients and methods

A follow up study was conducted and 88 cases with DLBCL were included in the study. The data of 72 patients were eligible for the survival analyses. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect these parameters.

Results

The ratio of positive cases for Cox-2, VEGF-A, Survivin, VEGF-C, EBV, TSP-1 were 71.6%, 64.8%, 60.2%, 36.4%, 21.6%, 14.8%, respectively. Survivin (+) cases showed higher LDH levels and VEGF-A (+) cases showed higher beta 2 microglobulin (B2M) levels compared with (−) cases. Mean survival rates were found to be significantly shorter in cases expressing VEGF-A, VEGF-C, EBV and Survivin than cases not expressing these. EBV expression (HR: 3.78; 95%CI: 1.47–9.74; p=0.006), VEGF-C expression (HR: 3.22; 95%CI: 1.07–9.68; p=0.037) and extranodal involvement (HR: 3.02; 95%CI: 1.01–8.97; p=0.047) were found to be independent risk factors for prognosis according to the Cox regression analysis.

Comment

Lymphangiogenesis (VEGF-C) and EBV related viral lymphomagenesis have been found to be related with prognosis in DLBCL patients.

Keywords: Lymphoma, VEGF-A, VEGF-C, Cox-2, TSP-1, Survivin, EBV, Prognosis, Angiogenesis, Lymphangiogenesis