Antibodies contained in “M” component of some patients with multiple myeloma are directed to food antigens?

Abstract 

Multiple myeloma is malignant disease that is characterized in most patients, by the presence in the serum of monoclonal gamma globulins, which in agarose gel after electrophoresis appear as protein band of restricted mobility, “M” component.

The aim of this study was to determine are the antibodies contained in M-component directed to some antigen chronically present in the organism, to some of food antigens.

Seventeen patients with secretory plasmacytoma were included in the study: eight of them had IgG(kappa), three had IgG(lambda), and one had biclonal IgG(kappa) and IgA(kappa), while two had IgA(kappa), the other two IgA(lambda) and one IgM(lambda) as paraproteins. M-proteins were detected analyzing patients’ sera by agarose gel electrophoresis in 0.09M barbital buffer. The each M-protein was confirmed by immunotyping (immunofixation) with corresponding antihuman antibodies directed to heavy or light chains of immunoglobulins. After the patients serum separation on agarose gel by electrophoresis, fresh 0.4% solution of crude gliadin (Sigma) in 1% SDS was put over the slides for immunoprecipitation.

Preliminary results showed the interaction of gliadin with patient's serum proteins present in the protein fraction of the same mobility as it was the mobility of the M-component, in 6 from 17 investigated sera.

These results are the first reporting that in sera of some patients with multiple myeloma antibodies from M-component could be directed to some of gliadin antigens.

As the serum antigliadin immunoreactivity is present in patients with gluten intolerance, celiac disease, it could be of importance to elucidate is the multiple myeloma more severe form of gluten intolerance than celiac disease.

Keywords: Multiple myeloma, Food intolerance, Coeliac disease, Antigliadin immunoreactivity, M-component, Plasmacytoma, Calreticulin